Primeiro é necessário a criação do ambiente virtual, por isso vamos usar.
python3 -m venv venv
Após isso é necessários ativar o ambiente virtual para instalarmos as bibliotecas necessárias.
#LINUX
source venv/bin/activate
#WINDOWS
venv\\Scripts\\activate.bat
#OU
venv\\Scripts\\Activate.ps1
Com o ambiente ativo só nos falta instalar as bibliotecas.
pip install django pillow
Agora precisamos criar a estrutura base do projeto Django, ou seja devemos utilizar.
django-admin startproject plataforma_cursos .
Vamos configurar o nosso arquivo settings.py
"""
Django settings for plataforma_cursos project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.2.6.
For more information on this file, see
<https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/settings/>
For the full list of settings and their values, see
<https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/>
"""
from pathlib import Path
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/>
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-cl=$h%uvrso#=v-y)6ussue@g9w*_b^^5*w!jts4!&@4oa4y5i'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'plataforma_cursos.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'plataforma_cursos.wsgi.application'
# Database
# <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases>
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}
# Password validation
# <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators>
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/>
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'pt-BR'
TIME_ZONE = 'America/Sao_Paulo'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/static-files/>
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates/static'),)
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join('static')
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
# Default primary key field type
# <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field>
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
Agora vamos criar o nosso app usuários, responsável pela autenticação.
python3 manage.py startapp usuarios
Agora vamos definir uma URL para o nosso app.
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('auth/', include('usuarios.urls')),
]
urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
O próximo passo é criar as URL dentro de usuário.
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('cadastro/', views.cadastro, name = 'cadastro'),
path('login/', views.login, name = 'login'),
]
Criando as respectivas funções temos:
from django.http.response import Http404
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
def cadastro(request):
return HttpResponse('cadastro')
def login(request):
return HttpResponse('login')
Mas agora precisamos renderizar templates HTML.